Air Pollution: Concepts, Causes, Impacts and Control Measures
Primary and secondary pollutants, smog, acid rain, AQI, temperature inversion, health impacts, government initiatives, and pollution control measures.
Understanding Environmental Pollution
Environmental Pollution – Pysical pollution (noise, radiation, heat), chemical pollution (toxins, gases, heavy metals), biological pollution (pathogens, invasive species), environmental governance, laws, impacts, and pollution control strategies in India.
International Conservation Efforts
CBD, CITES, Ramsar Convention, UNESCO Man and Biosphere Programme, global biodiversity governance, conservation treaties, India’s role, challenges, and contemporary environmental issues.
Major Conservation Projects in India
Project Tiger, Project Elephant, Project Cheetah, Project Snow Leopard, Crocodile Conservation Project, key achievements, challenges, biodiversity conservation strategies.
Conservation Strategies
In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, zoos, seed banks, biodiversity laws, conservation programmes, challenges, and sustainable development perspectives.
Wildlife Corridors: Ecological Connectivity and Biodiversity Conservation
Gene flow, species migration, human-wildlife conflict reduction, elephant and tiger corridors, conservation challenges, and India’s biodiversity strategy.
